Paraphenylenediamine Hepatotoxic Effects in Adult Female Albino Rats

Ghonemy, Hoda; Farahat, Fatma; Hassen, Ebtehal; Fouad Omran, Bothina Hassan

doi:10.21608/zjfm.2020.31902.1054

Paraphenylenediamine Hepatotoxic Effects in Adult Female Albino Rats

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

² Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt

³ Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department.Faculty of Medicine – Zagazig University,Egypt.

10.21608/zjfm.2020.31902.1054

Abstract

Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is a chemical product used in hair dye preparations and temporary tattoos to fasten the dyeing process and intensify its results. PPD can evoke local and/or systemic toxic effects either when utilized topically, inhaled or ingested. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of PPD on liver of adult female albino rats. Thirty-two adult female albino rats were divided into 3 groups. Group I (control group) 16 rats: which subdivided into 2 equal subgroups: Subgroup IA (negative control) 8 rats: received only regular diet and water, Subgroup IB (vehicle control) 8 rats: received 1 ml distilled water once daily by oral gavage, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Group II (PPD treated group) 8 rats: Each rat received 10 mg/kg B.W of PPD in 1 ml distilled water once daily for 8 weeks by oral gavage. Group III (Follow up group) 8 rats: Each rat received 10 mg/kg B.W of PPD in 1 ml distilled water once daily for 8 weeks by oral gavage, followed by two weeks without treatment. After 8 weeks in group I & group II and after 2 weeks of follow up in group III, rats were subjected to blood sample collection for estimating AST, ALT & ALP levels. Then livers were dissected out and divided into three parts. The first part was used for estimating oxidative stress markers MDA & GSH. Second part was subjected for histopathological examination under light microscope. The third part was examined by comet assay to determine DNA damage. The results revealed that PPD induced a significant increase in (AST, ALT & ALP), hepatic MDA and a significant decrease in hepatic GSH. It also induced several histopathological alterations and significant DNA damage in liver cells, and cessation of treatment for 2 weeks ameliorates its damaging effects.

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